Introduction of teaching and learning
Teaching is the purposive process. Different activities of teaching are conducted only for the attainment of a specific purpose by someone. Teaching means to teach someone while aiming. Teaching has been considered a tri-polar process. For teaching, we need a student, a teacher and a course. For this reason, teaching has been considered as a tripolar process. In the article, introduction of teaching and learning will be understood.
The process of teaching and learning interact in a way that learners work for their goals and they learn new knowledge, behaviours, and skills that enhance their learning experiences.
For the century, the learning process has been seeing various perspectives such as
- cognitive (learning as a mental operation)
- constructivist (knowledge as a constructed element resulting from the learning process)
Both of these theories together work great and learning them separately does not make any profit. For learning integration of these theories are necessary and while integration processes, it is crucial to consider some other factors such as cognitive style, the multiple natures of intelligences, learning style, and learning for special needs and for people from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Thus, learning and teaching go hand in hand.
According to Huff and Duncan – “Teaching or to teach someone is a four-step process of planning, directing, measuring and evaluating.”
Teaching rules everyone must know
Known to unknown
Before teaching, the teacher should ask and know how much knowledge the students have towards that lesson. By knowing, the teacher gets to know the level of the class. When you know about their knowledge, you have to teach it to children who do not know it.
Easy to complex
First the teacher should present simple compositions and then a little higher level than that and at the end should present difficult compositions. Because if the teacher presents difficult compositions in the beginning, then the confidence of the children is shaken.
Specific to general
The teacher should present the specific form of the text first. After that its normal form should be presented because children have a habit of paying more attention to the particular form.
Concrete to abstract from tangible to abstract / gross
The child first focuses on the object placed in front of him. After that, you can also focus on removing them. The child cannot think logically on things that he has not seen before, so children should show things first and then talk to remove them and focus on them.
Whole to partial
The teacher should first give information about the whole part, then later should give information about its small parts, for example – first tell about the car and then its parts.
From uncertainty to certainty
The child is always confused about any new phenomenon. Considering the illusion of children, knowledge should be given to them so that they can be sure about it.
According to child centricity
Teacher should give education keeping in mind child centered education. Children should be given education keeping in mind feelings and interests.
Differentiation analysis to synthesis
Analysis means breaking into pieces and synthesis means adding. For example – When we translate a poem, we break it down by writing one word and when we give its conclusion, we tell the extract of the whole poem.
Psychological to logical
First, the teacher should prepare the children in a psychological way that they have to study, if they have to build a psychological basis, then they can present the argument with interest.
Teaching learning process
Teaching is the process of heeding people’s needs, experiences, and feelings, and interfering so that they learn specific things. It major function of education is to make learning beneficial and meaningful and also this process aims at the transmission of knowledge, and imparting skills, values, and behaviour. It has been trying to analyse the learning process in terms of the requirements of the individual and society. This process can be completed as an outcome of teaching.
Learning and teaching are variables that interact as learners as work toward their goals and incorporate new knowledge, behavior’s, and skills that add to their range of learning experiences. In this process, the teacher, the learner, and the curriculum are organized in a systematic way to achieve the educational goals and objectives. The principles of learning are applied in child-rearing and school learning and also help learning and teaching.
Strategies of learning
Here we will explore the three research-based learning strategies. They can work these methods into our instruction, and teach students how to use them on their own.
Constructivist Theory
Learning constructive theory in the introduction of teaching and learning is important. This theory derives from students’ existing knowledge and skills. By applying a constructivist approach, students with their prior knowledge and learning synthesis new understanding.
Teachers set up problems for students, guide them to inquire about them, and also monitor their exploration. In this strategy, students are required to learn from their exploration after synthesis raw data, primary sources, and interactive material. This process helps students to evolve knowledge. Constructivist approaches are useful with learners of all ages.
Experiential Learning
‘Experiential Learning’ theory offers a model of the learning process. It also provides a multilinear model of development. The process is explained as the creation of knowledge through the transformation of experience. The knowledge which helps in transformation comes from the combination of transforming experience and grasping.
This theory is a highly effective method for education as compared to other methods. It allows students to take participation at personal level keeping in their want and need in consideration. It expects students to have qualities such as self-initiative and self-evaluation. For effective experiential learning, the whole learning process from goal setting, experimenting, observing then reviewing, and finally action planning is crucial. The strategy helps students to learn new attitudes, new skills, or new ways of thinking.
Cognitive learning
Observing, taking instruction, and imitating the behaviour of others helps in learning in a more effective way. This specific learning is the result of watching, listening, experiencing, and touching. The powerful mechanism of Cognitive learning provides knowledge and it goes well beyond simple imitation.
Simply, it means the acquisition of knowledge by means of mental or cognitive processes. It is the process used for manipulating information ‘in heads’. In short, the creation of mental representations of physical objects and of information processing is Cognitive learning.
Teaching And Learning Strategies
6E+S Model of Instruction
The 6 E’s and S follow the lesson plan format of Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate, Extend, and Standards. It is based on a constructivist model of teaching and faculties and teachers develop this plan.
Role-Playing & Simulations
Role-playing and simulations are interactive teaching strategies for students. These strategies help to improvise information and encourage critical thinking and cooperative learning. With the aid of these teaching tools, students can clarify attitudes and ideologies.
Conclusion
We hope this process and strategies are helping our life. The students absorb the knowledge from their teachers who are themselves, masters, at the subject and can guide them when they go wrong.
Learning makes sense when the students can apply the knowledge they learned in their own lives. They motivate the students to explore new avenues and experiment with new things in life. Then, Education makes you a better person and teaches you various skills.
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